Today, lithium ion batteries are often used in electrical devices (smartphones, cordless screwdrivers, drones, etc.). Lithium batteries are very popular not only because of their high energy density. They are space-saving, have a low weight, deliver a lot of power (high efficiency of 90-97%), have a low self-discharge (< 0.04%/day) and offer high currents (can provide a lot of energy). Overall, lithium ion batteries are a very safe technology and largely safe when used properly.
Nevertheless, the following rules should be observed when handling lithium-ion batteries:
- Do not charge batteries that are visibly damaged (deformation, scorch marks, odour, heating, discolouration), but dispose of them properly.
- Charge batteries when dry and at room temperature.
- Be careful when charging for the first time if the battery has not been used for a long time (e.g. winter break).
- Do not store batteries in unheated places (e.g. garage) at low temperatures (e.g. winter).
- Always keep batteries away from hot surfaces
- Do not modify or alter the battery itself
- Charge batteries on a non-flammable surface (battery bags or metal boxes are helpful).
- Do not extinguish with water if the battery catches fire - smother the fire instead.
- Do not dispose of batteries in the residual waste, but take them to a collection point for used materials.
However, with improper use or application, lithium batteries can quickly become a danger. If a single cell decomposes or overheats due to heat or mechanical damage, very high temperatures are generated in the cell. The result: the cell blows its contents to the outside under excess pressure - this causes a fire or the escaping smoke causes a flash fire.
A good way to reduce the risk of fire or damage caused by lithium-ion batteries is to use battery safety bags. The inside of this battery bag is made of fireproof material (glass fibre). A tight closure also reduces the risk of fire. The use of the safety bag is recommended for storing, charging and transporting lithium-ion batteries. Due to the generous dimensions of the bag, not only e-bike batteries, but also smartphones, tablets, loose batteries and much more can be stored safely.
